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Yumurtalık (meaning "egg nest") is a small city and a district in Adana Province of Turkey. It was formerly called Aegeae, Ayas or Laiazzo.〔(Täuber, Hans (Vienna). "Aegeae." Brill’s New Pauly. Antiquity volumes edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider. Brill Online, 02 October 2014 )〕 It is a Mediterranean port at a distance of about from Adana city. Yumurtalık's population does not exceed 5,000 in winter, but in summer, it rises to 30 to 40,000 people since many inhabitants of Adana have holiday homes here. There are also many daily visitors during the holiday season. Yumurtalık has a large free economic zone housing the production units of up to thirty companies presently in operation or in phase of being built. Fields of activities include industries ranging from petrochemicals, synthetic fibers and steel industry, and there are also plans for establishing a major shipyard. == History == The port has a long history, at least to 2000BC. Hittite pottery of the 17th century BC has been found in the mound of Zeytinbeli Höyük. This Cilician port city is mentioned by Pausanias under the name Aegeae.〔(Pausanias, ''Description of Greece'', v.21.11 )〕 a name that appears also in its coinage (Αἰγέαι in Greek),〔( Andrew Burnett, Michael Amandry, Pere Pau Ripollès, Ian Carradice, ''Roman Provincial Coinage'', Supplement 2 (2006), Nos. 4030–4046 )〕 It was located on the Gulf of Issus (modern Gulf of İskenderun). Tacitus' ''Annals'' XIII:8 also mentions it in its account of the war between Armenia/Rome and Iberia/Parthia. Apollonius of Tyana (c. 15 – c. 100) made his early studies at Aegeae, when the city was at its cultural height. Under Rome, it was in the Roman province of Cilicia. In the Middle Ages, and particularly in the 13th century, Aegeae grew to become an important harbour city of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The Venetians called Aegeae Aiazzo or (incorporating the initial of the definite article) Laiazzo, and it became known locally as Ayas ((アルメニア語:Այաս)).〔(Erdal Eser, "From the Roman Settlement of Aigai to Ayas" in VAMZ, 3.s., XLII 421–441 (2009), pp. 421–441 )〕 The fall of Acre and the silting up of the harbour of Tarsus made it became the centre of trade between West and East, benefitting from its good roads eastward. Marco Polo disembarked here to begin his trip to China in 1271. The Battle of Laiazzo in 1294, in which the navy of the Republic of Genoa overcame that of the Republic of Venice, is thought by some to be that in which Marco Polo later became a prisoner of the Genoese.〔(''Quarterly Review'' ), vols. 125–126, Leonard Scott Publishing Company, NY (1868)〕〔(Leonardo Olschki, ''Marco Polo's Asia'' (University of California Press 1960), p. 103 )〕 Within the city a quarter and trading post belonging to another of the Italian maritime republics, Pisa, was also established.〔 The city was increasingly oppressed by the Mamluks and fell definitively into their hands in 1347, and when European trade routes with the East moved away from the Mediterranean, the city and its harbour lost importance.〔 Later, it was ruled by the Anatolian beylik of Ramadanids and after the 16th century, by the Ottoman Empire. In 1974, actor and film director Yılmaz Güney was arrested at Yumurtalık after a shooting incident that involved the murder of a Yumurtalık judge. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yumurtalık」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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